Modern methods of financing development projects

Financing a Portfolio of Projects

This article shows that investors financing a portfolio of projects may use the depth of their financial pockets to overcome entrepreneurial incentive problems. Competition for scarce informed capital at the refinancing stage strengthens investors’ bargaining positions. And yet, entrepreneurs’ incentives may be improved, because projects funded by investors with ‘‘shallow pockets’’ must have no...

Methods for Rural Development Projects

Explaining the Financing Model of Islamic Azad University Construction Projects by New Financing Tools

The existence of various financial instruments in the securities market increases the motivation and participation of the people in financing long-term economic activities. There are different ways to finance business activities that different organizations can use to finance them. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate new financing tools and implementation strategies in Islami...

development of different optical methods for determination of glucose using cadmium telluride quantum dots and silver nanoparticles

a simple, rapid and low-cost scanner spectroscopy method for the glucose determination by utilizing glucose oxidase and cdte/tga quantum dots as chromoionophore has been described. the detection was based on the combination of the glucose enzymatic reaction and the quenching effect of h2o2 on the cdte quantum dots (qds) photoluminescence.in this study glucose was determined by utilizing glucose...

The Development of Modern Methods of Estimating Refraction.

THE use of lenses for the correction of refractive errors is of great antiquity, but it is only within the last hundred years that any real progress towards the exact correction of ametropia, can be said to have taken place. The honour of having made the first pair of lenses is possibly to be given to China. Bleached horn seems to have been the material chiefly in use there. Nero is said to hav...